Inhaled anesthetics

Inhaled anesthetics

FACTORS AFFECTING D GAS uptake ANAESTHESIAThe solubility of anesthetic gases in the blood.Alveolar blood flow.Partial pressure difference between alveolar air and venous blood.FACTORS DETERMINING THE CONCENTRATION D GAS INSPIRASI/F1Fresh Gas Flow speed.Volume breathing circuit.Absorption circuit anesthesia.
MINIMUM Alveolar ConcentrationMAC: The concentration of inhaled anesthetics which

                prevent 50% of patient movement

                to the standard stimuli

                (Surgical incision).





Nitrous OXIDE/N2ORespiratory system:

         - Cause tachypnea.

         - Reduce the tidal volume.

         - Hypoxic drive.Cardiovascular system:

         - Stimulate the sympathetic nervous system.

         - Increased resistance vasculer.

           blood vessels of the lungs.Nitrous OxideSSP:

         - Increase cerebral blood flow

            And cerebral blood volume.

         - Causes an increase in intra

            cranial pressure is light.

         - Increase CMRO ₂Renal:

         - Reduce RBF.

         - Decrease in GFR.


                                                                                          HalothaneRespiratory system:

        - Reduce the tidal volume.

        - Increased respiratory rate.

        - Increased PaCO2.

        - A potent bronchodilator.Cardiovascular system:

        - Depressed myocardial contractility.

        - Reduce the frequency of the heart.

        - Reduce coronary blood flow.

HalothaneCardiovascular system

        - Decrease in arterial blood pressure

           is dose dependent, occurring

           direct effect on depression

           myokardium.

        - At a concentration of 2 MAC, crossed the

           causes decreased cardiac output

           And blood pressure by 50%.Halothane

Central nervous system:

       - Pemb vasodilator. Cerebral blood.

       - Increase CBF.

       - Degrade CMR.

 Renal:

       - Reduce RBF and GFR.Hepatic:

       - Reduce the hepatic blood flow.
EnfluraneRespiratory system:

        - Increase the frequency of breath.

        - Reduce the minute ventilation.

        - Increased PaCO2.Cardiovascular system:

        - Depressed myocardial contractility.

        - Lower the SVR.

        - Increase the frequency of heart.EnfluraneCentral Nervous System:

        - Increase CBF and ICP.

        - Degrade CMR.

        - Increase seizure activity.Renal:

        - Reduce RBF and GFR.Hepatic:

        - Reduce the hepatic blood flow.IsofluraneThe respiratory system;

        - Reduce the minute ventilation.

        - Rarely cause tachypnea.Cardiovascular system:

        - Lower the SVR.

        - Dilatation of coronary arteries.

        - Lowering blood pressure.

      Isoflurane* Central nervous system:

       - At concentrations> 1 MAC, increased

         katkan CBF and ICP.

       - Decrease CMR O2.

 * Renal:

       - Reduce RBF and GFR.

 * Hepatic:

       - Reduce the hepatic blood flow.

       - Maintain hepatic perfusion.
SevofluraneCentral Nervous System:

       - A slight increase CBF and ICP.

       - Decrease CMR O2.Renal:

       - Slightly lower RBF.Hepatic:

       - Improve artery blood flow.

       - Decrease portal vein blood flow.SevofluraneRespiratory system:

       - Depression of respiration.

       - Increase the frequency of breath.Cardiovascular system:

       - Depressed myocardial contractility.

       - Prolong the QT interval.

       - A smaller decrease SVR

          of isoflurane and halothan.